List of state leaders in 1885

1884 state leaders - Events of 1885 - 1886 state leaders - State leaders by year

Africa

• Ashanti Confederacy - Akyampon Panyin, Chair of the Kwasafomanhyiamu (1884–1887)
• Burundi - Mwezi IV Gisabo, King of Burundi (1852–1908)
• Dahomey - Glele, King of Dahomey (1856–1889)
• Ethiopia - Yohannes IV, Emperor of Ethiopia (1871–1889)
• Liberia - Hilary R. W. Johnson, President of Liberia (1884–1892)
• Sokoto Caliphate
  • Caliph - Umar bin Ali, Sokoto Caliph (1881–1891)
  • Grand Vizier - Abdullah bin Muhammad Fodiye, Sokoto Grand Vizier (c.1874–1886)
• Wassoulou Empire - Samori Ture, Emperor (1878–1898)
• Zanzibar - Barghash ibn Sa'id, Sultan of Zanzibar (1870–1888)

Asia

• Afghanistan - Abdur Rahman Khan, King of Afghanistan (1880–1901)
• China (Qing Dynasty) - Guangxu, Emperor of China (1875–1908)
• Japan
  • Monarch - Meiji Emperor, Emperor of Japan (1867–1912)
  • Prime Minister - Ito Hirobumi, Prime Minister of Japan (1885–1888)
• Korea (Joseon Dynasty) - Gojong, King of Joseon (1864–1907, Emperor after 1897)
• Oman - Turki bin Said, Sultan of Oman (1871–1888)
• Persia - Naser al-Din Shah Qajar, Shah of Persia (1848–1896)
• Vietnam (Nguyễn Dynasty - French occupation)
  • Emperor -
    1. Hàm Nghi, Emperor of Vietnam (1884–1885)
    2. Đồng Khánh, Emperor of Vietnam (1885–1888)
  • Regents -
    1. Nguyễn Văn Tường (mandarin) (1883–1885)
    2. Tôn Thất Thuyết (mandarin) (1883–1885)

Europe

• Andorra
  • Co-Princes -
    • French Co-Prince - Jules Grévy, President of France (1879–1887)
    • Episcopal Co-Prince - Salvador Casañas y Pagés, Bishop of Urgell (1879–1901)
  • First Syndic - Josep Palmitjavila, First Syndic of Andorra (1884–1885)
• Austria-Hungary - Franz Joseph I, Emperor of Austria and King of Hungary (1848–1916)
  • Minister-President of Austria - Count Eduard von Taaffe, Minister-President of Austria (1879–1893)
  • Minister-President of Hungary - Kálmán Tisza, Minister-President of Hungary (1875–1890)
• Belgium
  • Monarch - Léopold II, King of the Belgians (1865–1909)
  • Cabinet Chief - August Beernaert, Cabinet Chief of Belgium (1884–1894)
• Bulgaria - Alexander I Joseph, King of Bulgaria (1879–1886)
• Denmark
  • Monarch - Christian IX, King of Denmark (1863–1906)
  • Prime Minister - Jakob Brønnum Scavenius Estrup, Prime Minister of Denmark (1875–1894)
• France -
  • President - Jules Grévy, President of France (1879–1887)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Jules Ferry, President of the Council (1883–1885)
    2. Henri Brisson, President of the Council (1885–1886)
• German Empire -
  • Monarch - Wilhelm I, Kaiser (1871–1888)
  • Chancellor - Otto von Bismarck, Chancellor of Germany (1871–1890)
  • see also List of German rulers in 1885
• Greece
  • Monarch - George I, King of the Hellenes (1863–1913)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Charilaos Trikoupis, Prime Minister of Greece (1882–1885)
    2. Theodoros Deligiannis, Prime Minister of Greece (1885–1886)
• Italy
  • Monarch - Umberto I, King of Italy (1878–1900)
  • Prime Minister - Agostino Depretis, Prime Minister of Italy (1881–1887)
• Luxembourg
  • Monarch - William III, King of the Netherlands (1849–1890)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Félix de Blochausen, Prime Minister of Luxembourg (1874–1885)
    2. Édouard Thilges, Prime Minister of Luxembourg (1885–1888)
• Netherlands -
  • Monarch - William III, King of the Netherlands (1849–1890)
  • Prime Minister - Jan Heemskerk, Chairman of the Dutch council of ministers (1874–1877, 1883–1888)
• Ottoman (Turkish) Empire - Abdülhamit II, Sultan (1876–1909)
• Portugal - Luis, King of Portugal (1861–1889)
• Russia - Alexander III, Tsar of Russia (1881–1894)
• Spain -
  • Monarch - Alfonso XII, King of Spain (1875–1885) , Regent Queen Maria Christina (1885–1902)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Antonio Cánovas Del Castillo, Prime Minister of Spain (1874–1875, 1875–1879, 1879–1881, 1884–1885, 1890–1892, 1895–1897)
    2. Práxedes Mateo Sagasta, Prime Minister of Spain (1871–1872, 1874, 1881–1883, 1885–1890, 1892–1895, 1897–1899)
• Sweden -
  • Monarch - Oscar II, King of Sweden (1872–1907)
  • Prime Minister - Robert Themptander, Prime Minister of Sweden (1884–1888)
• United Kingdom -
  • Monarch - Victoria, Queen of the United Kingdom (1837–1901)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. William Ewart Gladstone, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1868–1874, 1880–1885, 1886, 1892–1894)
    2. The Marquess of Salisbury, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1885–1886, 1886–1892, 1895–1902)

North America and the Caribbean

• Canada -
  • Prime Minister - Sir John A. Macdonald, Prime Minister of Canada (1878–1891)
• Costa Rica -
  1. Próspero Fernández Oreamuno, President of Costa Rica (1882–1885)
  2. Bernardo Soto Alfaro, President of Costa Rica (1885–1890)
• United States -
  1. Chester A. Arthur, President of the United States (1881–1885)
  2. Grover Cleveland, President of the United States (1885–1889)
• Mexico - Porfirio Díaz, President of México (1884–1911)

Oceania

• Hawaii - Kalākaua, King of Hawaiʻi (1874–1891)
• Niue - Tui-toga, King of Niue (1875–1887)
• Samoa - Malietoa Laupepa, Malietoa (1880–1898)
• Tonga -
  • Monarch - George Tupou I, King of Tonga (1845–1893)
  • Prime Minister - Shirley Waldemar Baker, Prime Minister of Tonga, (1880–1890)

South America

• Argentina - Julio Argentino Roca, President of Argentina (1880–1886)
• Brazil -
  • Pedro II, Emperor of Brazil (1831–1889)
    1. Manuel Pinto de Sousa Dantas, President of the cabinet of ministers (1884–1885)
    2. José Antônio Saraiva, President of the cabinet of ministers (1885–1885)
    3. João Mauricio Wanderlay, President of the cabinet of ministers (1885–1888)

• Uruguay - Máximo Santos, President of Uruguay (1882–1886)